Figure 2

Dot immunoassays. On the left, schematic representation of a direct dot immunoassay performed using GNRs conjugated with different antibodies and a photograph of nitrocellulose membranes after incubation with various GNRs. Staining was only found in the presence of specific antibodies. On the right, calibration curve of a CA125 sensor based on a dot immunoassay with a competitive format and a photograph of a corresponding series of nitrocellulose membranes at the end of the test.