Figure 11

Gene expression studies in Salmonella Typhimurium exposed to either SWCNTs-Ag or pSWCNTs-Ag nanocomposites. (a) and (b) represent gene expression of cigR, ompF, safC and ychP upon exposure to SWCNTs-Ag and pSWCNTs-Ag, respectively. (c) and (d) represent ABC transporter systems-associated gene expression in bacteria treated with SWCNTs-Ag and pSWCNTs-Ag, respectively. (e) and (f) represent the expression of amino acid biosynthesis genes in bacteria exposed to SWCNTs-Ag and pSWCNTs-Ag, respectively. (g) and (h) represent expression of genes related to DNA transcription in bacteria treated with SWCNTs-Ag and pSWCNTs-Ag, respectively. (i) and (j) indicate the expression of genes associated with the SPI-2 type three secretion system in bacteria exposed to SWCNTs-Ag and pSWCNTs-Ag, respectively. All values were expressed as fold change expression compared to non-treated bacteria. ^*when p ≤ 0.05 indicate significant differences; ^**when p ≤ 0.01 indicate highly significant differences. Error bars represent standard deviations of the results determined with at least 3 biological replicates.