Figure 3

a Concentration-dependent quenching of BSA-Au NCs (0.1× dilution) by rifampicin. From higher to lower concentrations: normalized quenching at 823 µg/mL [(F₀ − F)/F ~ 22.6 ± 0.68], 411 µg/mL [12.78 ± 0.5], 82 µg/mL [2.8 ± 1.93], 41 µg/mL [1.68 ± 0.16], 8 µg/mL [0.25 ± 0.6], 4 µg/mL [0.23 ± 0.008], 0.8 µg/mL [0.016 ± 0.009], 0.4 µg/mL [0.046 ± 0.031], 0.08 µg/mL [0.017 ± 0.016], and 0.004 µg/mL [0.06 ± 0.04] (each data point represents the average of three separate studies (n = 3), and the error bars denote the standard error of measurements within each experiment). b Plot of the linear region of the normalized decrease in fluorescence intensity of BSA-Au NCs (0.1× dilution) versus rifampicin concentration (each data point represents an average of three separate studies (n = 3); the error bars denote the standard error of measurements within each experiment). The excitation wavelength was set at 480 nm, and the emission wavelength was 640 nm.