Fig. 5

Anti-tumor effects of LPPC/TAM by transdermal treatment. a BT474 tumor-bearing mice were applied the cream/TAM or LPPC/TAM to tumor area every day. Tumor volume was measured with a caliper, and tumor volume was calculated as L × H × W × 0.5236. The animals were sacrificed over 60 days after implantation of the 60-d release 17β-estradiol pellet (n = 5). b Observations of the skin in the tumor bearing mouse before or after treatment with LPPC/TAM. c Histopathological features of the hearts, livers, spleens, lungs, kidneys and intestine in the LPPC/TAM treatment group. Portions of the organs were fixed in 10 % formaldehyde overnight, embedded in paraffin and cut into slices. Organ sections were stained with H and E