Fig. 1

Cell alignment and elongation on different substrates. a Phase contrast images of cells on four different surfaces. Bar 50 μm. The yellow arrow indicates the long axis of either FN-lines or each micrograting. b Average aspect ratios (R) of cells on flat (n = 153), FN-lines (n = 141), 1 μm gratings (0.35 μm deep) (n = 111), 1 μm gratings (1 μm deep) (n = 123). n number of cells. ***P < 0.001. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and a Bonferroni post hoc test. Error bar denotes the standard deviation of the mean