Skip to main content

Table 4 The specific surface area, mean particle size and crystallite size of LiCoO2 prepared with different precursors

From: Characteristics and properties of nano-LiCoO2 synthesized by pre-organized single source precursors: Li-ion diffusivity, electrochemistry and biological assessment

SSA (m2/g)

Annealed

1-LiOPh

8-LiOtBu

9-(LiOPh + LiOtBu)

10-LiOiPr

12-LiOMe

11-LiOEt

500 °C

9.46 (025)

16.50 (0.2)

9.62 (0.2)

11.50 (0.3)

19.70 (0.12)

not measured

600 °C

2.59 (0.015)

12.50 (0.14)

0.95 (0.03)

3.65 (0.05)

8.00 (0.07)

0.95 (0.01)

700 °C

0.50 (0.02)

6.10 (0.17)

0.78 (0.02)

3.04 (0.05)

5.50 (0.05)

0.34 (0.02)

Particle size (P)* and crystal size(C)** (nm)

 

P(1)

C(1)

P(8)

C(8)

P(9)

C(9)

P(10)

C(10)

P(12)

C(12)

P(11)

C(11)

500 °C

126 (2)

50 (2)

72 (1)

60 (2)

124 (2)

75 (2)

103 (2)

40 (1)

60 (1)

50 (4)

Not measured

Not measured

600 °C

459 (2)

45 (2)

95 (1), 40***

45 (3)

1251 (26)

150 (3)

326 (3)

75 (1)

149 (1), 15***

45 (1)

1251 (9)

110 (3)

700 °C

2376 (60)

90 (2)

195 (4)

55 (2)

1529 (26)

185 (1)

391 (4)

295 (1)

216 (1)

170 (2)

3494 (130)

285 (1)

  1. * The mean particle size was determined by the equation of d = K/(ρ×SBET), where K is the shape factor, ρ is the density of the material (5.05 g/cc). and SBET is the specific surface area of the material
  2. ** Crystal size was determined using Scherrer equation d = Kλ/(B cosθ), where d is the mean crystallite size in volume-weight, λ is the wavelength of the X-rays, B is the width of a peak at a half maximum due to size effects assuming that there is no strain, K is a constant value of 0.89, and θ is the incident angle
  3. *** Particle sizes were obtained after 1 h of ball milling