Fig. 2

Retroperitoneal fat and liver mRNA expression of (a, e) TNFα, (b, f) TLR-4, (c, g) and SAA-1 in the Chow-C, HFD-C, HFD-LAu, and HFD-HAu mice at 9 weeks of treatment. The percentage of macrophage number and representative image of macrophage number in the abdominal fat (d) and liver (h) tissues by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining at the same time point. Results are expressed as mean ± S.E.M, relative to 18 s. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Bonferroni test. *P < 0.05 vs. Chow-C; **P < 0.01 vs. Chow-C; ^†P < 0.05 vs. HFD-C; ^††P < 0.01 vs. HFD-C. n = 5–10