Impact of nanoparticle surface functionalization on the protein corona and cellular adhesion, uptake and transport

Table 1 Physicochemical characteristics of PSNPs

PSNP	Hydrodynamic diameter (d_h) (nm) of PSNPs in Water and DMEM⁺				Simulated fraction of nominal dose deposited (ISDD modelling)		Zeta-potential (mV) of PSNPs in DMEM⁺
PSNP	Water (t = 0)	DMEM⁺ (t = 0 min)	DMEM⁺ (t = 30 min)	DMEM⁺ (t = 24 h)	DMEM⁺ (t = 30 min)	DMEM⁺ (t = 24 h)	DMEM⁺ (t = 0)	DMEM⁺ (t = 24 h)
50 nm (-SM)	52.9 ± 0.2	78.1 ± 11.6	83.3 ± 13.5	55.9 ± 9.6	0.011	0.092	− 13.3 ± 1.5	− 11.9 ± 0.9
50 nm (-CM)	43.9 ± 6.4	61.5 ± 12.4	58.3 ± 8.4	53.7 ± 20.4	0.013	0.093	− 10.2 ± 0.8	− 10.2 ± 1.1
50 nm (-CP)	52.8 ± 9	111.6 ± 23.1^a	96.2 ± 20.8^a	93.7 ± 19.2^a	0.010	0.071	− 8.8 ± 1.5	− 9.2 ± 0.9
200 nm (-CP)	208.3 ± 7.4	267.3 ± 9.7^a	238.4 ± 22.9	305 ± 9^abc	0.007	0.045	− 11.1 ± 2.3	− 10.4 ± 0.6

Hydrodynamic diameters (nm) of PSNPs in water and DMEM⁺ (n = 3) and the zeta-potential (mV) in DMEM⁺ (n = 3)
(-SM) PSNPs functionalized with sulfone from Magsphere; (-CM) PSNPs functionalized with carboxyl from Magsphere, (-CP) PSNPs functionalized with carboxyl from Polysciences
^aSignificance difference versus water (0 min)
^bSignificance difference versus DMEM⁺ (0 min)
^cSignificance difference versus DMEM⁺ (30 min)

ISSN: 1477-3155