Fig. 5

Evodiamine (EVO) and rutaecarpine (RUT) concentrations in the dialysate samples from rat subcutaneous tissues over time (DC, drug concentration by direct detection; CC, drug concentration determined by microdialysis probe recovery) based on in vivo microdialysis using various perfusates (RS, Ringer’s solution; RS-ME, Ringer’s solution adjusted microemulsion-based isotonic perfusate; RS-PEG, 20% [v/v] PEG 400 Ringer’s solution; RS-EtOH, 10% [v/v] ethanol Ringer’s solution)