Fig. 6

Relative cell viabilities of HeLa cells incubated with various concentrations of APTES–TiO₂ NPs, PEG–Au NRs and Au NR–TiO₂ NCs: Histogram of the effects of the nanoparticles (100 μg mL⁻¹) on the relative viabilities of HeLa cells under the dark (left) and photoirradiation (right) conditions (a), Relative cell viabilities as a function of nanoparticle concentration under the dark condition (b) and photoirradiation conditions (c). Note: The photoirradiation was performed by sequential irradiation of visible light for 30 min and NIR for 5 min. The viabilities of the cells without nanoparticles were confirmed to be unaffected by the same photoirradiation condition