Fig. 1From: Establishment of perpendicular protrusion of type I collagen on TiO2 nanotube surface as a priming site of peri-implant connective fibersThis scheme illustrates the electrochemical anodization process used to fabricate the TNT on titanium specimens. a The titanium pieces were used as anodes and the cupper pieces as cathode in a fluoride-based electrolyte solution. b After anodization, TNT was obtained. c TNT was removed with ultrasonication to unveil a glossy surface underneath with a uniform array of shallow TNTBack to article page