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Fig. 4 | Journal of Nanobiotechnology

Fig. 4

From: Extracellular vesicles from regenerative human cardiac cells act as potent immune modulators by priming monocytes

Fig. 4

CardAP-EVs attenuate the PHA and anti-CD3 induced pro-inflammatory cytokine release in PBMC cultures. 3x105 CFSE-labelled PBMCs were stimulated with PHA or anti-CD3 antibody and treated with either unstimulated (EVs) or cytokine stimulated (EVs(cyt)) EVs, PBS in equal volume of the EVs (PBS) or left untreated and analysed after 3–5 days. The cytokines of the supernatants were analysed by ELISA (IFNγ, active TGFβ) or Multiplex (IL-10, TNFα). Concentrations for all tested cytokines are presented for PHA stimulated PBMC cultures (a) or anti-CD3 stimulated PBMC cultures (b) as median with interquartile range (PHA n = 6–7, five different CardAP donors, five different PBMC donors) (anti-CD3 n = 8; four different CardAP donors, four different PBMC donors). Friedman Test with Dunn´s multiple comparison test: ***p < .001, **p < .01, *p < .05 or Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed rank test; ###p < .001, ##p < .01, #p < .05

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