Table 1 Growth factors in clinical application
From: Nano-drug delivery systems in wound treatment and skin regeneration
Growth factor | Target cells | Administration | Function | Refs. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
EGF | Fibroblasts Keratinocytes | Topical | Promote cell proliferation, differentiation and migration; accelerate epidermal regeneration | [93] |
PDGF | Neutrophils Macrophages Fibroblasts Smooth muscle cells | Topical | Increase the structural integrity of vessels; promote cell proliferation, ECM Deposition and re-epithelialization | [94] |
bFGF | Keratinocytes Fibroblasts | Topical | Promote collagenase production, ECM deposition and re-epithelialization | [95] |
GM-CSF | Keratinocyte Endothelial cells Macrophages Eosinophils | Topical/subcutaneous injection | Promote local recruitment of inflammatory cells, stimulate cell proliferation and differentiation and wound contraction | [96] |
TGF-β | Keratinocytes Macrophages Lymphocytes Fibroblasts | Topical | Promote granulation tissue formation; re-epithelialization; matrix formation and remodeling | [97] |