Fig. 3

Anti-efflux, cell nuclear distribution and proliferation inhibiting effects of LNSD in MCF-7/ADR cells. a CLSM images of MCF-7/ADR cells treated with DOX, DOX@liposome and LNSD for 4 h, scale bar: 10 μm. b CLSM images of MCF-7/ADR cells treated with DOX, DOX@liposome and LNSD for another 8 h, the total incubation time was 12 h, scale bar: 10 μm. c Intracellular pharmacokinetics of DOX, DOX@liposome and LNSD (n = 4). d Co-localization ratio of DOX (red FLR) and cell nuclear (blue FLR) in DOX, DOX@liposome or LNSD treated MCF-7/ADR cells (n = 20). e, f The cell proliferation inhibition rates of DOX, DOX@liposome and LNSD with different DOX concentrations for 24 h and 48 h (n = 6). Data presented are means ± SD. ***p < 0.01