Fig. 6
Reprinted with permission from [127]. Copyright 2010 American Chemical Society
Effect of HUVECs treated with the single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNT) and fullerenol. Cartoon shows the mechanism through which the CNTs likely promote angiogenesis. The clustering of integrins results in phosphorylation of FAK, which can then activate PI3K that phosphorylates Akt, which has been implicated in angiogenesis.