Fig. 5

Detection of ROS level (DCFHDA) and Mitochondrial Dysfunction (JC-1 and MitoTracker Green) pretreated with ATX, or ATX-LPN (1 and 10 μg/ml) for 4 h, followed by CDDP (60 μM, 24 h). a Confocal images showing the intracellular ROS stained by DCFHDA (green fluorescence) in HEI-OC1 cells increased treated with 60 μM CDDP and was greatly inhibited by ATX or ATX-LPN. b Quantification of mean fluorescence intensity. ROS was significantly reduced after the application of ATX or ATX-LPN *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 as compared with CDDP. ^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01, ^###p < 0.001 as compared with ATX (1 μg/ml), ^&p < 0.05 as compared with ATX (10 μg/ml), ^$$$p < 0.001 as compared with ATX-LPN (1 μg/ml). c JC-1 staining has 2 forms: J -aggregate(red) at high MMPs and J-monomer(green) at low MMPs. a Change in fluorescence from red to green indicated a decrease of MMPs. d MitoTracker Green dying, representing the functional mitochondria in living cells