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Fig. 3 | Journal of Nanobiotechnology

Fig. 3

From: Alpha lipoic acid antagonizes cytotoxicity of cobalt nanoparticles by inhibiting ferroptosis-like cell death

Fig. 3

Cell apoptosis and necrosis levels of Balb/3T3 cells in presence of CoNPs and ALA. The cells were co-incubated with CoNPs (400 μM) and ALA (200 μM) for 24 h. Flow cytometry results exhibited that CoNPs induced mild cellular apoptosis, which could be further alleviated by the exposure of ALA. The apoptosis rate for the CoNPs treatment group was significantly different as compared to the control group. After 24 h of CoNPs exposure, the sum of apoptosis rate and necrosis rate was also significantly higher than of the control group, but the increment was lower than the results of the cell viability experiment (CCK-8 assay, Fig. 1c). All the data were expressed as mean ± SD of three independent experiments performed in triplicates. *p < 0.01, #p < 0.05 vs. control

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