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Table 3 Relevant studies focusing on nanoparticle-based therapy for COPD

From: Novel drug delivery systems targeting oxidative stress in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a review

Type Nanocarrier composition Drug Method of preparation size Route of administration Mode of action Ref
Solid lipid nanoparticle Lipid and surfactant Proanthocyanidins Melt-emulsion method 243 nm H441 cells Reduce ROS production [109]
Lipid Carvacrol Fusion-emulsification method 78.72 nm Inhalation Minimize the inhalation injury by reducing malondialdehyde and minimize the histological change [110]
Inorganic nanoparticles Gold nanoparticles Au – 21 nm Inhalation AuNP can be used as nanocarrier (rapid binding to the alveolar epithelium) [111]
Ferrous and ferric chlorides Antibody conjugates Controlled precipitation approach ∼350 nm Intravenous Enable endothelial delivery of active ingredients and protected from proteolysis CAT and SOD [106]
Cerium oxide (IV) nanoparticles SOD and CAT   2–3 nm SOD enzymatic assay Against ROS [112]
Al2O3 NPs Al2O3 (Purchased from Plasmachem Gmb)   Inhalation Al2O3 NPs exposure lead to suppression of PTPN6 and phosphorylation of STAT3. rescue of PTPN6 expression or application of a STAT3 inhibitor which protect lungs from inflammation and apoptosis [113]
Biodegradable nanoparticles Poly(ε-caprolactone) Lipoic acid Interfacial polymer deposition 191–349 nm In vitro lipid peroxidation system Protection against lipid peroxidation [114]
HPOX HBA Single emulsion method ~ 450 nm RAW 264.7 cells and in vivo intranasally inhibit NO production by suppressing iNOS expression in LPS-activated cells [115]
polyoxalate HBA Conventional single emulsion method ~ 500 nm Intratracheally, injection Scavenge H2O2, suppress the expression of iNOS, COX-2, (IL)-1β [116]
Poly(trolox ester) trolox Single-step emulsion technique 120–220 nm U937 cells Enzymatic degradation to release active antioxidants and suppress almost 50% of oxidative stress in the cells [117]
Polymer nanoparticles PHEA-PLA-PEG2000 FP HPH (freeze drying) 161.3 ± 4.14.0 nm Immortalized normal bronchial epithelial cell line Improve drug permeation through the mucus layer, reduce the survivin expression [118]
PEG-DSPE Budesonide HPH (freeze drying) ∼550 nm Inhalation – [119]
PVP; PVA or dextran Curcumin Solvent and antisolvent precipitation method 30 nm Inhalation Inhibit LPS-induced inflammation in alveolar macrophages in a time dependent manner [120, 121]
PGA-co-PDL, cationic lipid DOTAP microRNAs Single emulsion solvent evaporation method 244.8 ± 4.40 nm Human alveolar adenocarcinoma A549 cells Reduce IRAK1 expression and dampen IL-8 promoter reporter output [122, 123]
PLGA, calcium phosphate, chitosan or PEI siRNA, pDNA, FITC-BSA Modified the rapid precipitation method (freeze drying) Below 200 nm HeLa cells Increase the encapsulated siRNA or DNA and help them across the cell membrane [124, 125]
PLGA, calcium phosphate, polyethylenimine siRNA Modified the rapid precipitation method (freeze drying) ~ 145 nm Nasal instillation Regulate the expression of IFN-γ, CCL-2 and IP-10 to achieve a decreased inflammation of the lungs [124, 125]
Dendrimers PEGylated polylysine dendrimers – [126] 11–78 kDa Pulmonary instillation Control delivery of medications to lungs by modified with variously sized PEG groups in particle surface [127]
PAMAM dendrimers (PEGylated or not) – – 5.1–9.9 nm Pulmonary delivery pharyngeal aspiration (P.A.) technique Enhance dendrimer reaching the endothelial cells and systemic circulation. P.A. administration promotes the passive targeting of dendrimers to lymph nodes [128]
TEE modified PAMAM dendrimers siRNA Vortex 257 nm Inhalation Target lung alveolar epithelial A549 cells and silence genes [129]
PAMAM dendrimer TNF-α siRNA Vortex 127–153 nm RAW264.7 cells, intranasal in acute lung inflammation model Gene silence (targeted TNF-α) [130]
Polymer hybrid nanoparticles PLGA and DOTAP siRNA DESE Below 250 nm H1299 cells Gene silence (targeted TNF-α) [131]
PLGA and DOTAP pHDAC2, MnPD Modified solvent displacement method  ~ 120 nm A549 cells Reduce ROS level and glucocorticoid resistance [123]
Nanocrystals Pluronic F68 or lecithin Budesonide Wet-milling technique 150–400 nm – Facilitate easier industrial use of nanocrystals [132]
Multifunctional nanomaterials Fibroin Sulforaphane, CeNPs and PEI passivated CDs Modified solvent displacement method 365 ± 20.2 nm Cell evaluation Against oxidative stress and imaging [133]
  1. DESE: double emulsion solvent evaporation method; HBA: p-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol; trolox: antioxidant and water-soluble analogue of Vitamin E; Al2O3 NPs: aluminum oxide nanoparticles; FP: fluticasone propionate; HPH: high-pressure homogenization; PLGA: poly(lactide-co-glycolide); HPOX: HBA-incorporated copolyoxalate; LPS: lipopolysaccharide; COX-2: cyclooxygenase-2; U937: Human leukemic monocyte lymphoma cells; PEG-DSPE: Polyethylene glycol and phosphatidylethanolamine; PVP: polyvinylpyrrolidone; PVA: polyvinyl alcohol; PGA-co-PDL: poly (glycerol adipate-co-ω-pentadecalactone; DOTAP: dioleoyltrimethy- lammoniumpropane; PLA: poly(lactic acid); pHDAC2: HDAC2-encoding plasmid DNA; MnPD: Mn-porphyrin dimer; CeNPs: cationic cerium oxide nanoparticles; CDs: carbon dots
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Journal of Nanobiotechnology

ISSN: 1477-3155

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