Fig. 1

Characterization of Ab-N,S-GQD@AuNP-PAni. (a) TEM image of AuNP-PAni, (b) HR-TEM image of the N,S-GQD-AuNP nanocomposite, and (c) fringe analysis using ImageJ. (d) Powder XRD analysis of silicon, PAni/CSR, AuNP-PAni/CSR, and N,S-GQD-AuNP-PAni/CSR. (e) ELISA of Ab-N,S-GQDs. (f) Cyclic voltammetry diagrams of CSR, polyaniline-CSR and AuNP-PAni/CSR