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Table 1 Comparison of the sensing performance of our proposed sensor with various WSSV detection methods

From: Electrochemical detection of white spot syndrome virus with a silicone rubber disposable electrode composed of graphene quantum dots and gold nanoparticle-embedded polyaniline nanowires

Materials/Method of detection

Target virus (Analyte)

Detection range

LOD

Refs

Piezoelectric microcantilever sensors

WSSV (DNA)

50 to 105 virions/ml

100 virions/ml

[51]

Lateral flow assay

WSSV (DNA)

36–1784 viral copies/ng

356 viral copies/ng

[52]

Surface plasmon resonance

WSSV (Antigen)

5 to 50 ng/ml

2.5 ng/ml

[53]

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification

WSSV (DNA)

0.05 to 1 μg/reaction (LAMP products)

2 × 102 copies

[54]

Electrochemical

WSSV (Antigen)

1.37 × 10−3 to 1.37 × 107 copies/μL

1.36 × 10−3 copies/μl

[22]

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

WSSV (Antigen)

15–240 ng/well

250 pg/well

[55]

Polymerase chain reaction

WSSV (DNA)

9.0 × 101–2.0 × 104 copies/μg

4 copies/sample

[14]

Impedance electrochemical detection

WSSV (Antigen)

102 to 109 DNA copies/ml

48.4 DNA copies/ml

This work