Fig. 3

Biological endpoints. a Cell viability, b cytosolic hydrogen peroxide levels, and c mitochondrial superoxide levels in HepG2 and THLE2 cells exposed for 24 h to AgNPs (3.5 µg/mL), CDDP (10 or 40 µM), or AgNPs/CDDP (3.5 µg/mL and 10 or 40 µM CDDP). Mean + SD of three independent experiments in triplicate. Asterisks indicate difference in comparison to the control (*p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001); sharp symbol (#) indicates toxicological interaction