Fig. 2

W20/XD4-SPIONs inhibited Aβ42 aggregation and cytotoxicity and reduced inflammatory factor production in vitro. a The aggregation kinetics of Aβ42 incubated with or without 100 or 1000 μg/mL W20-SPIONs or W20/XD4-SPIONs was assessed by thioflavin T fluorescence assay. b SH-SY5Y cells were treated with various SPIONs in the presence or absence of 4 μM AβOs for 48 h, the cell viability was determined by MTT assay. The levels of IL-6 (c) and TNF-α (d) in the supernatants of BV-2 cells treated with various SPIONs in the presence or absence of 4 μM AβOs for 12 h were determined using corresponding ELISA kits. e Western-blot analysis of iNOS and COX2 in the BV-2 cell lysates treated with various SPIONs in the presence of 4 μM AβOs or AβOs alone. f Quantification of iNOS and COX2 in (e). Data represent means ± SEM and were analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s test (b, c, d, f) or two-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s test (a). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001