Fig. 3

In vitro experiments of CCm–HSA–ICG–PFTBA. a The confocal laser scanning microscope images of ROS generation in cells treated with the CCm–HSA–ICG–PFTBA, HSA–ICG–PFTBA, HSA–ICG, and saline with or without NIR laser irradiation. Green fluorescence represented DCFH-DA, showing ROS concentrations, and blue fluorescence represented DAPI, showing cell nucleus. The scale bar = 50 μm. b Flow cytometry analysis of ROS generation in cells treated with the CCm–HSA–ICG–PFTBA, HSA–ICG–PFTBA, HSA–ICG, and saline with NIR laser irradiation. c Cell viability after treated with the CCm–HSA–ICG–PFTBA, HSA–ICG–PFTBA, and HSA–ICG with or without NIR laser irradiation. Data are represented as mean ± SD (n = 5)