Fig. 5

Immune response promoted by different treatments in tumor tissue. B16OVA tumor bearing mice were administered with different treatments: saline, free Dox, Conventional Dox liposomes (LPD), LPD co-administered with 28 µg of free α-PD-L1 (mAb) or Targeted Dox liposome or immunoliposomes (LPF). Dox was intravenously injected at 3 mg/kg and eight days later, tumors were removed to evaluate different T cell subpopulations. a CD8⁺ cells; b Tumor specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (Tetramer⁺/CD8⁺); c Activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes (PD1⁺/CD8⁺); d Activated CD8⁺ tumor specific lymphocytes. Bars show the minimum and maximum value with the mean of each treatment. Data correspond to two independent assays. n = 8 in total **p < 0.01 compared to control group