Fig. 13

Schematic illustration of the molecular structure and the RRA cascade process. a The modular structure of DBCO-linked CAIX-targeting peptide (P1-DBCO) and azido-linked peptide labeled with cyanine dye (P2-N3). b At the cellular level, P1-DBCO can specifically recognize renal cancer cells by targeting CAIX.Then P2-N3 is added to react with P1-DBCO to form monomeric peptide P3 on the cell membrane.At the same time, the monomer P3 will gather to form a superstructure to achieve membrane disturbance. Reprinted with permission from Ref. [128],