Fig. 7

NG-driven ES modulated cells that are critical for wound healing. After 7 days of ES treated or non-treated wounds in the human skin xenografts on mice, (a, b) neutrophils, shown as brown Ly6G-positive cells, (c, d) macrophages, shown as brown CD68-positive cells, (e, f) endothelial cells, shown as brown CD31-positive cells, and (g, h) epidermal progenitor cells, shown as brown K15-positive cells were evaluated. Arrowheads indicate skin appendages such as the hair follicles (HF) and eccrine glands (EG) in the K15 stained samples. Representative images of replicate experimental animals. Scale bar = 500 µm low magnification; 100 µm for high-magnification insets. i–k Semi-quantification of Ly6G, CD68 and CD31 positive cells in 6 regions of interests at 400X magnification in the wound beds with and without 7 days of NG-ES treatment (n = 3 per group), respectively. *p < 0.05