Fig. 15

Cellular imaging applications of HM-CDs. a–c CLSM image of onion skin cells with Pn N-CDs at a 405 nm laser, 488 nm laser, and 543 nm laser. Reprinted with permission from ref. [38]. Copyright (2020) Royal Society of Chemistry. d–f Fluorescence microscope images of LF-CDs under UV-filter (330–400 nm), V-filter (395–415 nm) and B-filter (420–485 nm). Reprinted with permission from ref. [148]. Copyright (2017) Elsevier. g Fluorescence images of HeLa cells incubating with 1 mg/mL of W-CDs for 0 h, 3 h, 5 h, 7 h and 9 h. 1st row: bright field images; 2nd row: the images with an excitation/emission wavelength at 340 nm/420 nm; 3rd row: the images with an excitation/emission wavelength at 495 nm/520 nm. Reprinted with permission from ref. [78]. Copyright (2016) Elsevier