Scheme 1

Schematic illustration of Asp8-modified RBC-H hybrid membrane-coated H40-TPZ/IR780 NPs for enhancing photothermal and chemotherapy of bone invasion by OSCC. a Preparation of the Asp8[H40-TPZ/IR780@(RBC-H)] nanoparticle. b Targeting delivery TPZ and IR780 to bone invasion site by the resulting nanoparticle for enhancing photothermal and hypoxia-activated synergistic chemotherapy effects in vivo