Fig. 2

Expression of the co-stimulatory molecules and cytokine from DCs stimulated with different formulations. a Illustration of OVA@DDAB/PLGA Nv uptake by DCs and promoted DCs activation and maturation. b, c, d Percentages of CD40⁺ CD11c⁺ (b), CD86⁺ CD11c⁺ (c) and MHC II⁺ CD11c⁺ (d) cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. e, f, g, h, i Cytokine (IL-6, IL-1β, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-22) secretion of DCs stimulated with different formulations for 24 h were measured by Luminex kit (Merck-Millipore). Graphs shown represent results of three independent experiments. Data are expressed as Mean ± STD (n = 3) (*p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001)