Fig. 5
From: Carbon nanotube biocompatibility in plants is determined by their surface chemistry
Low molecular weight linear PEI functionalized SWNTs are more biocompatible than PEI-SWNTs. A Arabidopsis leaves infiltrated with COOH-SWNTs and SWNTs functionalized with different polymers 2-dpi. B mRNA levels of the selected marker genes measured by RT-qPCR in leaves of plants infiltrated as in A. C Nicotiana benthamiana leaves 2-dpi with the same SWNT preparation as in A. D mRNA levels of Nicotiana PR1 and AGP41 ortholog genes measured by RT-qPCR in leaves of plants infiltrated as in C. mRNA levels are normalized to COOH-SWNTs. The lower and upper hinges of the boxplot correspond to the first and third quartiles, the upper and lower whiskers correspond to the largest value no further than 1.5 times the inter-quartile range. Statistical significance was determined by a one-way ANOVA with post-hoc Tukey HSD test. Letters denote significant differences among means (n = 3 for Arabidopsis and n = 4 for Nicotiana)