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Fig. 2 | Journal of Nanobiotechnology

Fig. 2

From: Engineering stem cells to produce exosomes with enhanced bone regeneration effects: an alternative strategy for gene therapy

Fig. 2

BMP2 gene engineering altered the internal mRNA content of derived exosomes. a A schematic illustration of exosomes harvest after hMSCs genetically engineering. b The morphology of MSC-Exo and MSC-BMP2-Exo was observed by TEM. Scale bar: 100 nm. c Size distributions of exosomes were determined by nanoparticle tracking analysis. d Exosomal markers CD63, CD9 and TSG101 in cell and exosome lysates were detected by western blot. e The internal mRNA expressions of osteogenic differentiation-related genes in MSC-Exo, MSC-OB-Exo and MSC-BMP2-Exo were analyzed by qRT-PCR, including BMP2, Runx2, OSX, ALP, BSP and OPN, n = 3. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01

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