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Fig. 4 | Journal of Nanobiotechnology

Fig. 4

From: Engineering stem cells to produce exosomes with enhanced bone regeneration effects: an alternative strategy for gene therapy

Fig. 4

MSC-BMP2-Exo promoted osteogenic differentiation of recipient hMSCs in vitro. a Osteogenic differentiation-related mRNA expressions of hMSCs, including BMP2, Runx2, OSX and ALP, were analyzed by qRT-PCR after 5 days of culture, n = 3. Cells were cultured in normal culture medium (control group), differentiation medium (OB group), differentiation medium supplemented with MSC-Exo (MSC-Exo group), and differentiation medium supplemented with MSC-BMP2-Exo (MSC-BMP2-Exo group). b Western blot analysis of recipient cells on the protein expression of Runx2 and OSX after 7 days of culture. Loading control was β-actin. c ALP and alizarin red staining of hMSCs under different treatment after 14 and 21 days of culture. Upper graph: ALP staining, lower graph: alizarin red staining. d Alizarin red staining was quantified by dissolving calcium nodules with 10% hexadecylpyridinium chloride monohydrate solution, n = 3. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001

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