Fig. 4
GSK-3β inactivation upregulates osteogenic differentiation and bone mineralization capacity. A Representative images of immunofluorescence staining; red (phalloidin), green (Runx2 and OCN), and blue (nuclei), n = 3 per group. B, C Representative images of ALP and ARS staining. D, E Quantitative analysis of the average fluorescence intensity of Runx2 and OCN. F, G Quantitative analysis of ALP activity and ARS recovery ratio. The four groups were cultured in osteogenic medium, and the concentration of Ti particles was 5 µg/cm2. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01