Fig. 2

H₂O₂ scavenging and ·OH generation by iron-based and manganese-based MF-NPs. a Mechanism of ROS generation by NPs. b Curves of O₂ generation in H₂O₂ solution in the presence of NPs and conventional materials (CMs) at pH 6.5(n = 3). c Curves of H₂O₂ degradation in the presence of MF-NPs and related materials at pH 6.5 (n = 3). d Time-dependent hydroxyl radical generation in the presence of NPs and CMs containing H₂O₂ at pH 6.5 (n = 3) with the fading degree of MB as detection indicator