Fig. 2

Tumor-binding and antitumor effects of ¹³¹I-EM@ALA. Confocal fluorescence images (a) and flow cytometry (b, c) of tumor cells after incubation with Cy5@EM@ALA for different times. Scale bar = 25 μm. Cell nuclei were stained blue with DAPI, filamentous actin cytoskeletons were stained green with FITC phalloidin. d In vitro uptake of ¹³¹I labeled EM@ALA or Na¹³¹I by 4T1 cells at different points. e EM@ALA and 4T1 cells were incubated for 2 h before visualization of PpIX-specific fluorescence by confocal microscopy. Scale bar = 25 μm. 24 h after EM@ALA injection, ex vivo fluorescence images (f) of PpIX signal and semi-quantitative analysis (g). h Viability of 4T1 cells with various treatments