Fig. 5

The effect of DTP@DMF NPs on the accumulation of activated macrophages. a Immunohistochemistry of F4/80⁺, CD86⁺, and CD206⁺ macrophages in lung tissues and b–f quantification of total macrophages and M1 and M2 phenotypes (n = 5). g TGF-β level in BALF, h SOD and i MDA levels in lung tissue (n = 5). Statistical analyses were performed using one-way ANOVA with S–N-K post hoc analysis. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001