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Fig. 6 | Journal of Nanobiotechnology

Fig. 6

From: ROS-responsive liposomes as an inhaled drug delivery nanoplatform for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis treatment via Nrf2 signaling

Fig. 6

Macrophages attenuate myofibroblast transformation and collagen production via activating Nrf2-HO-1 signaling. The cytotoxicity of DTP@DMF NPs to a RAW264.7 cells, and to b NIH-3T3 cells. c Nrf2 and d HO-1 protein levels in RAW264.7 cells. e TGF-β concentration in RAW264.7 macrophage culture medium. f α-SMA and g collagen Ia1 protein levels in NIH-3T3 cells. h Cellular endocytosis of DP@DMF NPs and DTP@DMF NPs by RAW264.7 cells, scale bar = 20 μm. i The Nrf2 and j HO-1 protein levels in RAW264.7 cells treated with DMF, DP@DMF NPs and DTP@DMF NPs. k The TGF-β level in the culture medium of RAW264.7 cells. l The α-SMA and m collagen Ia1 protein levels in NIH-3T3 cells after DMF, DP@DMF NPs and DTP@DMF NPs administration. n = 3 for all the analysis. Statistical analyses were performed via one-way ANOVA with S–N-K post hoc analysis. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001

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