Fig. 6

Long-term immune-memory effects induced by Zr-TCPP(TPP)/R837@M-based SDT. a Schematic illustration of the experiment design to assess the anti-tumour immune responses against mimic distant tumours and the immunological memory response triggered by Zr-TCPP(TPP)/R837@M -augmented SDT and anti-CTLA-4 combination to inhibit cancer relapse. b Tumor growth curves of rechallenged tumors inoculated 40 days post eliminated of their first tumors (n = 5) by different treatment. c Representative flow-cytometry plots of Lymph nodes cells of 4T1 tumour-bearing mice treated with the combined immunotherapy at day 40 right before mice rechallenged with the secondary tumours; d, e Proportions of CD44⁺CD62L⁻TEM and CD44⁺CD62L⁺TCM among CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cells. (n = 3). f–h Cytokine levels in sera from mice isolated at day 40 right before rechallenging mice with secondary tumors. (n = 3) Error bars indicate s.e.m. Statistical significance was calculated by one-way ANOVA Tukey's multiple comparisons test. P-value: *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001