Fig. 4

Effect of surfactant concentration on NP adsorption to human RBCs. a Coupling efficiency of PLGA65:35 NPs, synthesized with either 1.5% PVA or 3% PVA, onto human RBCs at different RBC:NP incubation ratios. b Percentages of human RBC populations carrying PLGA65:35 NPs, synthesized with either 1.5% PVA or 3% PVA. c Hemolysis percentages of human RBCs after incubation with PLGA65:35 NPs, synthesized with either 1.5% PVA or 3% PVA, at different RBC:NP incubation ratios. Hemolysis percentages are represented as total hemolysis subtracted by hemolysis of control cells. d Coupling efficiency of PEI-PLGA65:35 NPs, synthesized with either 1.5% PVA or 3% PVA, onto human RBCs at different RBC:NP incubation ratios. e Percentages of human RBC populations carrying at least 1 PEI-PLGA65:35 NP, synthesized with either 1.5% PVA or 3% PVA. f Hemolysis percentages of human RBCs after incubation with PEI-PLGA65:35 NPs, synthesized with either 1.5% PVA or 3% PVA, at different RBC:NP incubation ratios. Hemolysis percentages are represented as total hemolysis subtracted by hemolysis of control cells. g Agglutination assay of human RBCs with PLGA65:35 or PEI-PLGA65:35 NPs, synthesized with either 1.5% PVA or 3% PVA, at different RBC:NP incubation ratios (n = 3). All data are presented as mean ± SEM (n = 3). The number of asterisks indicate the level of significance (two-way ANOVA with Sidak multiple testing adjustment), where: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001