Fig. 3

The underlying mechanism by which aligned fibers affected macrophage polarization. A Venn diagram showing differentially expressed genes. B KEGG pathway analysis between the A20 and R20 groups. C Heatmap of differentially expressed genes among the three groups. D Heatmap of macrophage polarization-related genes between the A20 and R20 groups. E Volcano diagram of differentially expressed genes. F Western blot analysis of the NF-κB signaling pathway. G Immunofluorescence staining showing the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65. The nucleus is stained blue, and NF-κB p65 protein is stained red. H Western blot images and semiquantitative analysis of the JAK-STAT signaling pathway (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, n = 3)