Fig. 7

Mechanism of PCL/5%VMT promoting angiogenesis in MAECs. A Expression of HIF-1α, eNOS, and p-eNOS proteins. B Immunofluorescence staining of HIF-1α, p-eNOS, VEGF, and Phalloidin. (red: positive area of HIF-1α, p-eNOS, and VEGF; green: cytoskeleton; blue: cell nuclei). C Expression of HIF-1α protein and D in vivo tube formation assay of MAECs cultured with different composite scaffolds extracts with or without 2-ME2. The quantitative analysis of the number of nodes (E) and the tube length (F) formed on the Matrigel. G The gene expressions of VEGF, SDF-1α, and eNOS in MAECs cultured on PCL or PCL/5%VMT composite scaffolds with or without 2-ME2. Data represent means ± SD (n = 3), *P < 0.001, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.001