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Fig. 1 | Journal of Nanobiotechnology

Fig. 1

From: Nanobiotics against antimicrobial resistance: harnessing the power of nanoscale materials and technologies

Fig. 1

Timeline depicting the discovery of major antibiotics and subsequent emergence of resistance against them in various bacterial strains. One of the most dramatic events in the field of microbiology was the commercialization of penicillin in mid-1940s during the beginning of the industrial antibiotic era. While millions of human lives have been saved since then, the number of AMR cases continues to increase. AMR bacteria and their genes now circulate among humans, livestock, wildlife, environment, wastewater, and soil

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