Fig. 3

Preparation and characterization of NEX. a The size and morphology of NEX were detected by TEM. b, c The appearance and height of NEX were observed by AFM. d Characteristic protein molecules on the surface of NEX were measured by western blotting. e, f NTA was applied to verify the particle size, concentration, and zeta potential of NEX. g Protein components of NEX were detected by Coomassie blue staining. h Fluorescence resonance energy transfer experiments were performed to detect the fusion efficiency of NEX. i Super-resolution microscopy was used to detect the fusion efficiency of NEX (×600)