Fig. 7

KP-SeNPs promote apoptosis by inducing autophagy. The autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ, 30 μM) was used to detect the effect of KP-SeNPs (200 μg/mL) on the association between autophagy and cytotoxicity in AGS cells. AGS cells were treated with KP-SeNPs (200 μg/mL) for 24 h in the presence or absence of 30 μM CQ. Autophagy-related gene (A) and protein (B, C) expression levels of LC3 II/I and p62. The apoptosis-related gene (D) and protein (E, F) expression levels of Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved caspase 3, and caspase 3. *p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, compared with control; ^&p < 0.05, ^&& p < 0.01, KP-SeNPs compared with KP-SeNPs + CQ