Fig. 2From: Milk-derived small extracellular vesicles: nanomaterials to promote bone formationMilk-sEVs promoted the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts. A ALP assay results showing the ALP activity of MC3T3-E1 cells induced for 5 days; B Real-time qPCR results showing the relative expression level of ALP mRNA; C Alizarin red results after 21 days of cell induction; D fluorescence microscopy showing Milk-sEVs labeled with PKH67 fluorescence (scale bar = 50 μm); E CCK8 detection of proliferative ability; F ALP assay showing the expression level of ALP; G western blot showing expression of the osteogenic marker proteins ALP and OPN. The statistical results are presented as means ± SD, *P-value < 0.05, ***P-value < 0.001Back to article page