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Fig. 3 | Journal of Nanobiotechnology

Fig. 3

From: The glycocalyx affects the mechanotransductive perception of the topographical microenvironment

Fig. 3

Modelling of the accessibility of nanotopographical cues in dependency of cell membrane compliance to the morphology. A These images demonstrate representations of the morphological features (in 3-dimensional views) of the different topographies (ns-Zr15 and ns-Zr20, produced by SCBD) that have been tested in the experiments (an example of the featureless flat-Zr, produced by Ion Gun sputtering, can be found in Additional file 1: Fig. SI - S4). B Representative profile of a cluster-assembled zirconia substrate, with the cell membrane (and embedded integrins) above and the first thresholds for membrane compliance used for the analysis. The cell membrane and the embedded integrins were created with BioRender.com. C The images illustrate the accessible nanotopographical features at different cell membrane compliancy levels (20, 40, 80 nm of interfacial depth) for ns-Zr15 and ns-Zr20 (respective left images). The respective right images show the situation, if asperities that are in 60 nm adjacency (ligand spacing threshold) are converged. D Statistics of the determined parameters that are relevant for cell adhesion and mechanotransduction: # Asperities, Asperities mean area, Total 3D area, # of asperities with > 3600 nm2 (minimal adhesion unit), # of connected asperities. Red symbols = ns-Zr15, black symbols = ns-Zr20

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