From: Immune modulating nanoparticles for the treatment of ocular diseases
Citation | NPs | Diameter | Function of NPs | Anti-inflammatory mechanisms | Animal models | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[20] | Dexp@HmA | 122 nm | Deliver Dexp | Enter inflammatory cells in the cornea to reduce the expression of IL-6 and TNF-α | Male Sprague‒Dawley rats with alkaline burn-induced keratitis |  |
[22] | TAC NPs | 106–166 nm | Deliver TAC | Inhibit T-cell activation; reduce the expression of KC, MIP-2, IL-6 and GCSF; reduce the activity of polymorphonuclear cells and monocytes | Female C57BL/6 mice with LPS-induced keratitis |  |
[21] | Levofloxacin and PA-loaded PLGA NPs | 154.7 ± 4.1 nm | Deliver levofloxacin and PA | Downregulate the expression of TNF-α, IL-6, MMP-3 and MMP-9 | New Zealand albino rabbits with Staphylococcus aureus-induced keratitis |  |
[23] | DXI-PLGA NPs | 200Â nm | Deliver DXI | / | New Zealand albino rabbits | Â |
[46] | DNA vaccine-CHI NPs | / | Deliver DNA vaccine | Induce a strong humoral immune response in mice with recurrent HSK, including high levels of sIgA and antibodies | BALB/c background female mice | Â |
[11] | MZL-SLNs | 172.53 ± 1.77 nm ~ 500.07 ± 10.6 nm | Deliver MZL | Reduce eosinophils and plasma cell infiltration, reduce VEGF and TNF-α levels | Albino rabbits with histamine-induced conjunctivitis |  |
[12] | Tra-NPs | 40–190 nm | Deliver Tra | Inhibit the elevation of NO and TNF-α | Wistar rats with LPS-induced conjunctivitis |  |
[36] | PLA-PEG NPs, PLGA NPs, PLGA-PLH-PEG NPs | / | Deliver chlamydia antigen and antibiotics | Enhance cellular and humoral immunity against chlamydia, including increased production of some cytokines and antibodies | / | Â |
[57] | Rapa-loaded FSI/FKBP-V48 NPs | FKBP-V48 3.6Â nm, FSI 24Â nm | Deliver Rapa | Reduce lymphocyte infiltration, downregulate most inflammatory genes, regulate the expression of mTOR-related genes, reduce the activity of CATS protease | NOD mice with LG dacryoadenitis | Â |
[51] | mADSC-Exos | 134 nm | Inhibit inflammation directly | Inhibit apoptosis; reduce the production of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-1α, IFN-γ, and TNF-α); promote the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10; reverse NLRP3 inflammasome activation; upregulate caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 | C57BL/6 mice with benzalkonium-chloride-induced DED |  |
[37] | D-Dex | ~ 3–10 nm | Deliver Dex | Inhibit T lymphocyte infiltration, inhibit the expression of the inflammatory factors IL6, IL8, MMP9 and TNFα | New Zealand white rabbits with autoimmune lacrimal gland inflammation |  |