Fig. 6
SyEVMyd88 shows greater therapeutic activity than single peptides or non-loaded SyEV. a, b RAW 264.7 cells were pre-treated with OMV (100 ng/mL) for 3 h and incubated with various doses of SyEVMyd88 for 15 h. The concentration of TNF-α (a) and IL-6 (b) in the conditioned media was measured (n = 3). c, d The anti-inflammatory activity of SyEVMyd88 was compared with that of non-loaded SyEV or peptides alone in RAW 264.7 cells. The macrophages were treated with peptides (1 µg), SyEV (1 × 109), or SyEVMyd88 (1 × 109) for 15 h, and then the concentration of TNF-α (c) and IL-6 (d) in the supernatants was quantified (n = 3). e, f In order to compare the therapeutic potential between groups in vivo, peptides (2 µg), SyEV (2 × 109), or SyEVMyd88 (2 × 109) were i.p. administered in OMV-induced septic mice (n = 5). The concentration of IL-6 in serum (e) and BAL fluid (f) was investigated at 6 h after OMV injection. Note that intact SyEV (1 × 109) included 1 µg of peptides. Throughout, data are presented as the mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post test