Fig. 6

NanoS100-SwIAV elicited virus-specific IL-17A⁺ T-helper/memory cells and CTLs in PBMCs of vaccinated pigs. Five-week-old SPF pigs were administered twice ID/IM with NanoS100-SwIAV, Nano11-SwIAV or control NanoS100 and challenged at post-prime vaccination day 35 with SwIAV H1N1-OH7. PBMCs were isolated at DPC6 and were restimulated with SwIAV H1N1-OH7 in vitro. The cells were labeled and analyzed by flow cytometry for the frequencies of IL-17A expressing CTLs, T-helper/memory cells: A Total IL-17A⁺ T-helper/memory cells-ID [CD3⁺CD4⁺CD8α⁺CD8β⁻IL-17A⁺]; B IL-17A⁺ Central memory T-helper/memory cells-ID [CD3⁺CD4⁺CD8α⁺CD8β⁻CD27⁺IL-17A⁺]; C IL-17A⁺ Effector memory T-helper/memory cells-ID [CD3⁺CD4⁺CD8α⁺CD8β⁻CD27⁻IL-17A⁺]; D Total IL-17A⁺ CTLs-ID [CD3⁺CD4⁻CD8α⁺CD8β⁺IL-17A⁺]; E IL-17A⁺ Early Effector CTLs-ID [CD3⁺CD4⁻CD8α⁺CD8β⁺CD27⁺IL-17A⁺]; F Total IL-17A⁺ CTLs-IM [CD3⁺CD4⁻CD8α⁺CD8β⁺IL-17A⁺]; and G IL-17A⁺ Late effector CTLs-IM [CD3⁺CD4⁻CD8α⁺CD8β⁺CD27⁻IL-17A⁺]. Data represent the mean value of 7–8 pigs ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post-test. For head-to-head comparison between two groups, Unpaired t-test was used. Asterisk/Pound represents significant difference between indicated groups (*/♯ p < 0.05, **/♯♯ p< 0.01, and ***/♯♯♯ p < 0.001)