Fig. 4

Synergistic therapeutic efficacy and antigen exposure in vitro. a ID8 cells were incubated with PPIAO NPs for 2 h and then treated with an 808 nm laser and ultrasound. ROS generation detected by DCFH-DA. CLSM image, scale bar 50 μm. b FCM analysis of cell death and apoptosis. c CRT membrane inversion and nuclear exocytosis of HMGB1 under CLSM. Scale bar 50 μm. d ATP release from ID8 cells (n = 5). e, f FCM analysis of ID8 cells’ CRT and HMGB1 exposure